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Reduced Emissions
Emissions of nitrogen oxides have been reduced by nearly 40% over those from
the Tier 2 engine. Particulate emissions have also been decreased. The Tier 3
engines meet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 2006 emissions
standards.
Reduced Fuel Consumption
The new combustion chamber (patent pending) in the Tier 3 engine increases
air/fuel mixing and controls the combustion temperature. This new technology
improves fuel efficiency by up to 15% and reduces noise levels, without
sacrificing performance.
Less Smoke, Less Noise
The engines incorporate a stronger throttle response at every rpm with an
improved cold start capacity. Cold start white smoke is reduced by up to 70%,
along with a 3-5 dBA reduction in noise.
Proper Maintenance Is Key
Proper maintenance is critical to efficient operation of the Tier 3 engine.
Selected machines with Tier 3 engines are equipped with the Komtrax GPS
system so that we can help you maintain your equipment on schedule and
avoid problems.
For best results, it is essential to adhere to the following guidelines.
Fuel
Use only #1 and #2 diesel fuels. Never use biodiesel or low viscosity
fuels.
Fuel System—keep clean, free of dirt and water.
Lubrication
API – classified. Use CF-4 oil or higher class, which is downward
compatible and can be used on older engines. Never use CD oil.
Filters
Only factory authorized fuel filters may be used. The 10 micron prefilters
must be changed every 500 hours. The 2 micron final filters
must be changed with every other engine oil change.
Certified technicians
Allow only certified technicians with specific training for Tier 3 engines to
work on your engine. Shanahan Equipment purchased a Tier 3 engine for
technician training a year before the engines were available in Komatsu
equipment. Shanahan technicians have received extensive training on the
Tier 3 engine.
Note: All Tier 3 engines—from Komatsu or any other manufacturer—have the
same maintenance concerns due to the low tolerance levels of the injector components.
New Electronic Controlled Fuel Injection System
The new fuel system is a High Pressure Common Rail (HPCR) system with fuel
injection pressure of up to 1,800 bars (26,000 psi), compared to 1,400 bars
(20,000 psi) in previous systems. The HPCR system has multi-pulse injection for
more efficient fuel combustion. In most cases, the fuel injection process is
divided into four injection events to reduce emissions.
1 Pilot injection, producing lower noise and improved cold starts
2 & 3 Split main injection, which is divided into two events
4 Post injection for emissions control
Cleaner Filter Systems
The new Tier 3 engine incorporates a 10 micron pre-filter and a 2 micron primary
filter to protect against fuel contamination. These safeguards protect the engine
by preventing the introduction of foreign material into the fuel system.
Improved Air Cooling System
The new Tier 3 engines are equipped with an air-to-air charge air cooling system,
which lowers the charge air temperature from 160°C to 50°C to inhibit nitrogen
oxide emissions. Also featured are new high efficiency turbochargers that provide
improved boost pressure range over the full engine operating rpm. The new turbos
work with the air-to-air charge air cooling system to reduce emissions and improve
fuel efficiency without sacrificing performance.
New Combustion System
The Tier 3 engines have a new combustion chamber (patent pending) to increase
air/fuel mixing and to control the combustion temperature. The cooled exhaust
gas recirculation (EGR) technology, available on selected Tier 3 engines, diverts
a small percentage of the exhaust gas back into the cylinder through the EGR
cooler. This combustion chamber redesign increases the cooling flow around
cylinder liners, with changes to head gasket orifices, and promotes a more
balanced flow in the cooling system, along with more effective cylinder liner
cooling. This feature results in more uniform temperatures, reduced
concentration of oxygen in the combustion chamber, a lower combustion
temperature and reduced nitrogen oxides.
Lighter Weight, More Durable Pistons
A one-piece aluminum piston is included in the Tier 3 engine for weight savings.
The pistons are made of a higher strength material, so they are more durable.
The piston rings are now coated with a new Chromium-Ceramics material, which
supports higher cylinder pressures and top-ring temperatures with less wear.
Easier to Service, Higher Altitude Adjustment
Common engine controllers are mounted on the Tier 3 engine, an improvement
over many of the older engines, which were equipped with mechanical controls.
The engine also compensates automatically for high altitudes, unlike the older
engines, which required manual fuel adjustments in high altitudes.
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